I graduated with a B Sc in physics from McGill University in Montreal in 1978. I obtained my PhD in physics from Brown University in 1983. After postdoctoral work at Purdue University, I entered medical school at the University of Miami in Florida, graduating with my MD in 1987. I trained in clinical neurology at Northwestern University and Duke University, followed by postdoctoral training in neurovirology at the University of Pennsylvania, 1991-1994. Since 1994 I have been on the faculty at the Department of Neurology at Wayne State University.