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Neuronal Input Pathways to the Brain's Biological Clock and their Functional Significance



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Éditeur :

Springer


Collection :

Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology

Paru le : 2006-06-07



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Description
Rhythmic changes in physiology and behaviour within a 24 h period occur in living organisms on earth to meet the challenges associated with the daily changes in the external environment. The circadian pacemaker responsible for the temporal internal organisation and the generation of endogenous rhythms of approximately 24 h is located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in mammals. The endogenous period generated by the pacemaker is close to, but generally not equal to 24 h and the biological clock therefore needs to be daily adjusted (entrained) by external cues. The daily alteration of light and darkness due to the rotation of our planet on its own axis in relation to the sun is the most prominent "zeitgeber" which adjusts the phase of the circadian rhythms to the astronomical day length, a process known as photoentrainment. In mammals, light is perceived only through photoreceptors located in the retina. Light information is mediated to the SCN via the retinohypothalamic tract (RHT) by activation of the classical photoreceptor system of rods and cones and a more recently identified system of intrinsic photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) using melanopsin as a photopigment.
Pages
76 pages
Collection
Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology
Parution
2006-06-07
Marque
Springer
EAN papier
9783540277880
EAN PDF
9783540277897
Informations sur l'ebook
Nombre pages copiables
0
Nombre pages imprimables
7
Taille du fichier
1229 Ko
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Prix
94,94 €

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