Shancang Li is a senior lecturer in the cyber security research unit, Department of Computer Science and Creative Technologies at University of the West of England, Bristol, UK. Shancang previously worked as a lecturer in Edinburgh Napier University and a security researcher in cryptographic group at University of Bristol. In the past few years, he conducted mobile/digital forensics across a range of industries and technologies. His security background ranges from network penetration testing, wireless security, mobile security, and digital forensics.Li Da Xu is an IEEE Fellow and an academician of Russian Academy of Engineering. He is affiliated with Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA