Marise Cremona is Professor of European Law at the European University Institute, Florence. Between November 2009 and June 2012 she was Head of the Department of Law at the EUI and between June 2012 and August 2013 she was President ad interim of the EUI. She is a co-Director of the Academy of European Law and general co-editor of The Collected Courses of the Academy of European Law, Oxford University Press. She has published extensively on the external relations law of the European Union, including Developments in EU External Relations Law (Oxford University Press, 2008); EU Foreign Relations Law - Constitutional Fundamentals, edited with B de Witte (Hart Publishing, 2008); The European Court of Justice and External Relations Law - Constitutional Challenges, edited with A Thies (Hart Publishing 2014) and Private Law in the External Relations of the EU (Oxford University Press 2016).