L. Syd M Johnson, Ph.D, is a philosopher, bioethicist, and neuroethicist. She is Associate Professor at SUNY Upstate Medical University, in the Center for Bioethics and Humanities. Dr. Johnson is an ethics consultant at Upstate University Hospital, and a member of the NIH BRAIN Initiative Neuroethics Working Group. Her research focuses on ethical issues related to brain injuries, including disorders of consciousness, brain death, and sport-related neurotrauma; animal ethics; and research ethics.